SEBI Modifies Order-to-Trade Ratio Framework for Algorithmic Trading
**SEBI MARKET BRIEF | FEBRUARY 5, 2026**
**Algorithmic Trading Framework Update**
Effective **April 6, 2026**, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) will enforce a refined **Order-to-Trade Ratio (OTR)** framework. The regulator has introduced critical exemptions to the penalty structure for high OTR, addressing long-standing concerns regarding liquidity and execution costs.
**Key Exemptions & Thresholds**
* **Equity Options:** Algorithmic orders placed within **±40%** of the Last Traded Price (LTP) or **±₹20** (whichever is higher) will be exempt from high-OTR penalties.
* **General Orders:** Orders falling within **±0.75%** of the LTP in other segments remain exempted.
* **Market Makers:** Algo orders placed by Designated Market Makers specifically for market-making activities are now **fully excluded** from OTR computation.
These modifications, detailed in the circular dated **February 4, 2026**, aim to lower compliance burdens for liquidity providers while maintaining economic disincentives for excessive order flooding.
**Regulatory Overhaul: 'Fit and Proper' Criteria**
In a separate move to modernize compliance norms, SEBI has released a consultation paper proposing a comprehensive overhaul of the **'Fit and Proper Person'** rules for market intermediaries. The proposal seeks to reduce regulatory uncertainty and ensure procedural fairness.
**Proposed Changes**
* **Right to Hearing:** The regulator plans to codify the "right to a hearing" before declaring an entity or individual 'not fit and proper'.
* **Disqualification Triggers:** Mere initiation of winding-up proceedings will no longer trigger automatic disqualification; only a **final winding-up order** will count.
* **Ownership Rights:** Instead of mandatory divestment, persons in control declared 'not fit' may face restrictions on **voting rights** while retaining economic ownership to prevent irreversible financial loss during appeals.
* **Application Freeze:** The cooling-off period for new registration applications following a Show Cause Notice (SCN) is proposed to be reduced from **1 year** to **6 months**.
Public comments on these proposals are open until **February 25, 2026**.
**Market Context**
These regulatory adjustments arrive against a backdrop of heightened transaction costs. The Union Budget 2026 recently announced an increase in the Securities Transaction Tax (STT) on F&O trades—**0.05%** for futures and **0.15%** for options—effective **April 1, 2026**.
Market participants view the OTR relaxations as a necessary counterbalance to these rising costs, ensuring that the structural framework for liquidity remains robust despite the higher tax regime.